What is Knee Osteonecrosis?
Osteonecrosis of the knee occurs when bone deteriorates due to lack of blood supply. It occurs most commonly in female patients and usually involves the medial aspect of the knee. It can be associated with many conditions, including prior trauma, clotting disorders and treatment of certain medical problems. In advanced stages, the weakened bone can collapse and cause severe pain.
Symptoms of Knee Osteonecrosis
Many patients with knee osteonecrosis experience sudden onset knee pain, swelling and limping without inciting trauma. Patients may also experience decreased range of motion.
Diagnosis of Knee Osteonecrosis
Knee osteonecrosis is diagnosed with a combination of physical examination and imaging studies. In advanced stages, X-rays are all that is needed to solidify the diagnosis. In earlier stages, further imaging may be necessary.
Treatments for Knee Osteonecrosis
Managing osteonecrosis of the knee is influenced by clinical and radiographic severity. In earlier stages, treatment typically begins with conservative measures similar to those for knee arthritis. In advanced stages, younger patients may be candidates for arthroscopic surgery. Knee replacement surgery is considered in older patients with irreversible joint damage whose symptoms fail to improve with less invasive measures.